Run

/rʌn/

verbBeginner🔥Very CommonAction
5 meanings5 idioms/phrases5 questions

Definitions

5 meanings
1

To move quickly on foot, with both feet off the ground for a portion of each stride.

/rʌn/

verbneutralBeginner
Action

To move at a speed faster than walking, by moving legs rapidly.

The children run in the park every day.

💡 Simply: Imagine you're late for the ice cream truck! You run as fast as your legs can carry you to catch it.

👶 For kids: To move your legs fast, faster than walking!

More Examples

2

She runs five miles every morning.

3

He ran to catch the train.

How It's Used

Sports

"He runs track for his school team."

Everyday Life

"I run to catch the bus every morning."

2

To control, manage, or operate (a business, organization, or similar undertaking).

/rʌn/

verbneutralmedium
Action

To control or manage something, especially a business or organization.

She runs a small cafe in the city center.

💡 Simply: Imagine you're the boss of a lemonade stand. You're the one who runs it, making sure everything works.

👶 For kids: To be in charge of something, like a game or a store.

More Examples

2

He runs the marketing department.

3

Who is going to run the meeting?

How It's Used

Business

"He runs a successful company."

Administration

"She runs the local community center."

Tip:Picture a CEO at the helm of a ship – they run the business!
3

To function or operate, often in reference to a machine, program, or system.

/rʌn/

verbneutralmedium
Action

To function or operate.

The computer program runs very slowly.

💡 Simply: Imagine your computer: when you click on a game, it runs! It means it's working.

👶 For kids: To work, like a toy or a computer.

More Examples

2

The generator runs on gasoline.

3

The car runs perfectly.

How It's Used

Technology

"The program runs on Windows."

Automotive

"The engine runs smoothly."

Tip:Think of a car engine: it runs (works) when you turn the key.
4

An act or instance of running.

/rʌn/

nounneutralBeginner
Action

An act of running.

I went for a run this morning.

💡 Simply: When you run, it's called a run! A quick trip on your feet.

👶 For kids: A time when you run!

More Examples

2

She takes a run every afternoon.

3

The dog needs a good run to burn off some energy.

How It's Used

Sports

"He went for a morning run."

Everyday Life

"The dog loves to go for a run in the park."

Tip:Think of the motion of running: one run involves a beginning, middle, and end.
5

A continuous series or sequence of events, things, or successes.

/rʌn/

nounneutralmedium
Sequence

A continuous series or sequence.

The team had a winning run.

💡 Simply: Imagine a series of good things happening one after the other. That's a run!

👶 For kids: A bunch of things happening one after another.

More Examples

2

The machine is experiencing a run of problems.

3

There was a run on the bank during the crisis.

How It's Used

Finance

"The stock saw a strong run of gains."

General

"A run of bad luck."

Tip:Think of dominoes: each one falling, creating a run.

Idioms & expressions

run into

To meet someone unexpectedly.

"I ran into an old friend at the grocery store."

run out of

To have no more of something.

"We ran out of milk this morning."

run away

To escape or leave quickly.

"The dog ran away from home."

run a risk

To do something that might be dangerous or have a bad outcome.

"By investing in that company, you run a risk."

in the long run

Over a long period of time; eventually.

"Investing wisely may not show immediate results, but it will pay off in the long run."

From Old English *rinnan* (strong verb, past tense *rann*, past participle *runnen*), from Proto-Germanic *rinnanan* (cognate with Old High German *rinnan*, Gothic *rinnan*), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ri-né-ti (source of also Greek *rheō* (to flow), Latin *rīvus* (stream)).

The verb 'run' has been used in English since Old English times and shares roots with other Germanic languages. Historically, it referred to both the physical act of running and figurative usages like flowing water or controlling something.

Memory tip

Think of a cheetah chasing its prey - that's a run!

Word Origin

LanguageProto-Germanic
Original meaning

"To flow, move rapidly"

run a businessrun a racerun a programrun after (someone)run out of (something)

Common misspellings

ranrunned

Usage

70%Spoken
30%Written